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A domain name is also known as web address. It is the core of the Internet identity, the online brand. People will remember this name and use it to find websites, products or services. And since no two parties can ever hold the same domain name is an addressing construct used for identifying and locating computers on the Internet. While computers use ‘Internet Protocol’ (IP) numbers to locate each other on the Internet, people find them hard to remember. Therefore, domain names were developed to permit the use of easily remembered words and phrases to identify Internet addresses. The ‘Domain Name System’ (DNS) helps users to find their way around the Internet. Every computer on the Internet has a unique address just like a telephone number, which is a rather complicated string of numbers. It is called its IP address. But it is hard to remember everyone’s IP address. The DNS makes it easier by allowing a familiar string of letters to be used instead of the arcane IP address. So instead of typing 66.218.71.112, you can type www.yahoo.com. It is a “mnemonic” device that makes addresses easier to remember. Translating the name into the IP address is called “resolving the domain name.” The goal of the DNS is for any Internet user any place in the world to reach a specific website IP address by entering its domain name. Domain names are also used for reaching e-mail address and for other Internet applications. Think of the phone system, when a number is dialled, it rings at a particular location because there is a central numbering plan that ensures that each telephone number is unique. The DNS works in a similar way. If telephone numbers or domain names were not globally unique, phone calls or e-mail intended for one person might go to someone else with the same number or domain name. Without uniqueness, both systems would be unpredictable and therefore unreliable. Ensuring predictable results from any place on the Internet is called “universal resolvability.” It is a critical design feature of the DNS, one that makes the Internet the helpful, global resource that it is today. Without it, the same domain name might map to different Internet locations under different circumstances, which would only cause confusion. If at any point the DNS must make a choice between two identical domain names with different IP addresses, the DNS would not function. It would not know how to resolve the domain name. When a DNS computer queries another computer and asks “are you the intended recipient of this message?” then “yes” and “no” are acceptable answers, but “maybe” is not. A domain name extension is the topmost part of the domain name under which all domains are registered, such as .com, .net, .org, .co etc.